% arara: pdflatex
% !arara: indent: {overwrite: yes}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{environ}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}

\newsavebox{\vabox}

\NewEnviron{verticallyaligned}{%
	% temporarily set \vamaxheight to nothing during the measurements
	\let\vamaxheight\relax
	% measure the height of the body
	\begin{lrbox}
		{\vabox
		}
		\BODY%
	\end{lrbox}
	%
	% set the height of the minipage box
	\newlength
	{\vamaxheight
	}\setlength
	{\vamaxheight
	}
	{\ht\vabox
	}% output the body, which now contains the new height :)
	\noindent\makebox[\linewidth][c]
	{\mbox
		{
		}\hfill\BODY\hfill\mbox
		{
		}
	}%
}

\begin{document}

\sbox{\vabox}{%
	\begin{minipage}[b][][b]
		{.10\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-a
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[b][][t]
		{.15\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-b
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[b][][t]
		{.20\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-c
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[b][][c]
		{.10\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[b][][t]
		{.20\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
}%

\noindent
\begin{minipage}[b][\ht\vabox][b]
	{.10\textwidth
	}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
	{example-image-a
	}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b][\ht\vabox][t]
	{.15\textwidth
	}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
	{example-image-b
	}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b][\ht\vabox][t]
	{.20\textwidth
	}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
	{example-image-c
	}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b][\ht\vabox][c]
	{.10\textwidth
	}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
	{example-image
	}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b][\ht\vabox][t]
	{.20\textwidth
	}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
	{example-image
	}
\end{minipage}
%
\par\lipsum

\begin{verticallyaligned}
	\noindent
	\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][b]
		{.30\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-a
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][t]
		{.10\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-b
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][t]
		{.20\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image-c
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][c]
		{.20\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][t]
		{.20\textwidth
		}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
		{example-image
		}
	\end{minipage}
	%
\end{verticallyaligned}

\lipsum[1]

\begin{figure}
	\begin{verticallyaligned}
		\noindent
		\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][c]
			{.50\textwidth
			}
			\centering
			\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
			{example-image
			}\caption
			{
			}
		\end{minipage}
		%
		\hfill
		\begin{minipage}[b][\vamaxheight][t]
			{.40\textwidth
			}
			\centering
			\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]
			{example-image
			}\caption
			{
			}
		\end{minipage}
		%
	\end{verticallyaligned}
	\caption
	{
	}
\end{figure}

\end{document}
